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Topics of LPIC-1 Linux Administrator , 101-500 Exam

To know course content so that aspirants can prepare for exam is a must. LPIC-1, 101-500 exam will include following topics :

1. System Architecture

• Understanding of SysVinit and systemd.

• Set the default runlevel or boot target.

• Determine hardware resources for devices.

• Awareness of Upstart.

• Properly terminate processes.

• Conceptual understanding of sysfs, udev and dbus.

• Shutdown and reboot from the command line.

• Alert users before switching runlevels / boot targets or other major system events.

• Differentiate between the various types of mass storage devices.

• Check boot events in the log files.

• Demonstrate knowledge of the boot sequence from BIOS/UEFI to boot completion.

• Awareness of acpid.

• Provide common commands to the boot loader and options to the kernel at boot time.

• Determine and configure hardware settings

• Enable and disable integrated peripherals.

• Tools and utilities to list various hardware information (e.g. lsusb, lspci, etc.).

• Tools and utilities to manipulate USB devices.

• Boot the system

• Change runlevels / boot targets and shutdown or reboot system

• Change between runlevels / boot targets including single user mode.

2. Linux Installation and Package Management

• Install, re-install, upgrade and remove packages using RPM, YUM and Zypper.

• Knowledge of basic features of LVM.

• Use Debian package management

• Awareness of dnf.

• Use RPM and YUM package management

• Understand common elements virtual machines in an IaaS cloud, such as computing instances, block storage and networking.

• Tailor the design to the intended use of the system.

• Obtain package information like version, content, dependencies, package integrity and installation status (whether or not the package is installed).

• Understand how system images are used to deploy virtual machines, cloud instances and containers.

• Allocate filesystems and swap space to separate partitions or disks.

• Awareness of apt.

• Manage shared libraries

• Linux as a virtualization guest

• Load shared libraries.

• Perform basic configuration changes for GRUB 2.

• Design hard disk layout

• Find packages containing specific files or libraries which may or may not be installed.

• Identify the typical locations of system libraries.

• Understand unique properties of a Linux system which have to changed when a system is cloned or used as a template.

• Understand the general concept of virtual machines and containers.

• Providing alternative boot locations and backup boot options.

• Understand Linux extensions which integrate Linux with a virtualization product.

• Obtain information on RPM packages such as version, status, dependencies, integrity and signatures.

• Awareness of cloud-init.

• Determine what files a package provides, as well as find which package a specific file comes from.

• Install and configure a boot loader such as GRUB Legacy.

• Install, upgrade and uninstall Debian binary packages.

• Interact with the boot loader.

• Identify shared libraries.

• Ensure the /boot partition conforms to the hardware architecture requirements for booting.

• Install a boot manager

3. GNU and Unix Commands

• Redirecting standard input, standard output and standard error.

• Process text streams using filters

• Basic file editing

• Understand the concepts of special characters, character classes, quantifiers and anchors.

• Awareness of Emacs, nano and vim.

• Work on the command line

• Use regular expressions to delete, change and substitute text.

• Pipe the output of one command to the input of another command.

• Using find to locate and act on files based on type, size, or time.

• Use streams, pipes and redirects

• Copy, move and remove files and directories individually.

• Create, monitor and kill processes

• Use and edit command history.

• Perform basic file management

• Usage of tar, cpio and dd.

• Insert, edit, delete, copy and find text in vi.

• Navigate a document using vi.

• Search text files using regular expressions

• Create simple regular expressions containing several notational elements.

• Understand and use vi modes.

• Copy multiple files and directories recursively.

• Remove files and directories recursively.

• Use the output of one command as arguments to another command.

• Signal a program to continue running after logout.

• Use regular expression tools to perform searches through a filesystem or file content.

• Select and sort processes for display.

• Configure the standard editor.

• Invoke commands inside and outside the defined path.

• Send signals to processes.

• Understand the differences between basic and extended regular expressions.

• Change the priority of a running process.

• Monitor active processes.

• Use single shell commands and one line command sequences to perform basic tasks on the command line.

• Send text files and output streams through text utility filters to modify the output using standard UNIX commands found in the GNU textutils package.

• Send output to both stdout and a file.

• Run jobs in the foreground and background.

• Run a program with higher or lower priority than the default.

• Use and modify the shell environment including defining, referencing and exporting environment variables.

• Know the default priority of a job that is created.

• Modify process execution priorities

• Use simple and advanced wildcard specifications in commands.

4. Devices, Linux Filesystems, Filesystem Hierarchy Standard

• Find system files and place files in the correct location

• Configure user mountable removable filesystems.

• Create partitions and filesystems

• Awareness of systemd mount units.

• Identify hard and/or soft links.

• Know the location and purpose of important file and directories as defined in the FHS.

• XFS

• Manage MBR and GPT partition tables

• Use links to support system administration tasks

• Find files and commands on a Linux system.

• Manually mount and unmount filesystems.

• Maintain the integrity of filesystems

• Verify the integrity of filesystems.

• exFAT

• Use the group field to grant file access to group members.

• Control mounting and unmounting of filesystems

• Manage file permissions and ownership

• Copying versus linking files.

• Know how to change the file creation mask.

• Basic feature knowledge of Btrfs, including multi-device filesystems, compression and subvolumes.

• Monitor free space and inodes.

• Configure filesystem mounting on bootup.

• Use access modes such as suid, sgid and the sticky bit to maintain security.

• VFAT

• Understand the correct locations of files under the FHS.

• Manage access permissions on regular and special files as well as directories.

• Use various mkfs commands to create various filesystems such as:

• Repair simple filesystem problems.

• Create links.

• Create and change hard and symbolic links

• Use of labels and UUIDs for identifying and mounting file systems.

• ext2/ext3/ext4

What topics are included in LPI 101-500 exam?

The LPI 101-500 exam consists of 4 topics that are divided into several subtopics. This means that the applicants have to prepare thoroughly. The domains that are presented in the test are as follows:

• System Architecture: This section requires the students’ knowledge of booting the system, changing runlevels or boot targets, configuring hardware settings, and shutdowning or rebooting the system. They have to be able to enable and disable integrated peripherals, determine hardware resources for devices, as well as provide options to the kernel and common commands to the boot loader at boot time. You should be able to demonstrate the skills in using the boot sequence from BIOS or UEFI to boot completion, check boot events in log files, set default runlevel or boot target, shutdown and reboot from the command line, and so on.
• Linux Installation & Package Management: To cover the questions of this subject area, the candidates have to demonstrate their understanding of Linux as a virtualization guest, knowledge of installing the boot manager, designing hard disk layout, managing shared libraries, as well as knowledge of the Debian package management as well as RPM and YUM package management. They have to know how to backup boot options and provide alternative boot locations, install the boot loader and configure it, as well as install, upgrade and uninstall Debian binary packages. Also, you should know how to obtain information on the RPM packages, including version, dependencies, status, integrity, and signatures. In addition, the professionals need to have an understanding of the general concepts of virtual machines and containers as well as common elements of virtual machines in IaaS Cloud. It includes block storage and networking, computing instances, unique properties of a Linux system, which have to change when a system is cloned or used as a template, and Linux extensions that integrate Linux with a virtualization product.
• Unix Commands & GNU: This topic evaluate the learners’ proficiency in working on the command line, using streams, redirects, and pipes, processing text streams with the help of filters, as well as creating processes, monitoring them, and killing if needed. Their skill set should include the knowledge of modifying process execution priorities, basic file editing, and searching text files with the use of regular expressions. The test takers should also perform their skills in using single shell commands and one-line command sequences in order to perform basic tasks on the command line, as well as invoking commands inside and outside the defined path. It also includes the process of sending output streams and text files through the text utility filters in order to modify the output with the use of the standard UNIX commands that are found in the GNU textutils package. It is also required to have knowledge of how to copy, move, and also remove the directories and files individually, use simple/advanced wildcard specifications in commands, as well as use the output of one command as arguments to another command. A potential candidate has to be able to select and sort processes for display, run a program with higher or lower priority than the default, create simple regular expressions that contain several notational elements, configure the standard editor, and more.
• Devices, Linux Filesystems, & Filesystem Hierarchy Standard: In this part, the examinees have to be good at partitions and filesystems creation, maintenance of the integrity of filesystems, controlling of the mounting and unmounting processes of filesystems, and management of file permissions and ownership. Their knowledge base should also include the information about the hard and symbolic links as well as the creation, changing, and finding processes related to system files and their placement in the correct location. Also, this objective evaluates one’s ability to understand the correct locations of files under FHS, use links to support system administration tasks, create links, and skills in managing the access permissions on regular files, special files, as well as directories. It is important to have the expertise in using the group field to grant file access to group members, using labels and UUIDs for identifying and mounting file systems, repairing simple filesystem problems, and managing MBR and GPT partition tables.

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Who should take the LPIC-1 Linux Administrator , 101-500 Exam

The 101-500 exam's target audience is professionals who are looking forward to build their career in Linux system Administration domain. This exam is for:

• System Administrator, Computer / Network.
• Systems Administrator.
• Linux System Administrator.
• Cyber Security Engineer.

Reference: https://www.lpi.org/our-certifications/lpic-1-overview

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